(or Oxidative Phosphorylation) The final part of cellular respiration is called the electron transport chain, where oxidative phosphorylation occurs. Oxidative phosphorylation refers to phosphorylation of ADP to ATP using energy released by oxidation of NADH + H+. The electron transport chain takes place on the inner mitrochondrial membrane, using NADH + H+ made by glycolysis [...]
Chapter: Respiration
Anaerobic respiration
The first phase of cellular respiration, glycolysis, is said to be anaerobic. Anaerobic means it doesn’t need oxygen (the opposite is aerobic – requiring oxygen). During intense exercise, oxygen in the blood gets used up quickly and sometimes there isn’t enough. The lack of oxygen blocks oxidative phosphorylation (see electron transport chain). NADH + H+ [...]
Electron carriers
Electron carriers in cells accept and give away electrons to facilitate reduction (gain of electrons) and oxidation (loss of electrons). They are crucial in cell respiration and are found on the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts (the energy producing organelles of animals and plant cells respectively). NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is the main electron [...]
Cellular Respiration
In order for a cell to carry out its functions, it requires energy in the form of ATP. Cellular respiration is the way cells make this ATP, using food as its fuel. is the most common starting point for cellular respiration (although other sugars, fats and proteins can also be used). The overall equation for [...]
Glycolysis
Glycolysis is the breaking down (lysis) of glucose (glyco) into pyruvate (also known as pyruvic acid). It is the first part of cellular respiration, where cells use glucose as fuel for energy (making ATP). Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, and some energy is made in the process. This part of respiration [...]